Marketing Analysis of Kids TV Show Essay Example

Marketing Analysis of Kids TV Show Essay Example Marketing Analysis of Kids TV Show Essay Marketing Analysis of Kids TV Show Essay Essay Topic: Kids Kids show; partly because as a college student I have limited income and cant afford cable, and partly because I grew up watching the channel. I found website that had live streaming of certain cable network shows. When I first signed up and began watching, the end of Sesame Street was on. I watched on a few minutes of the show and continued watching the channel through the next show. The show that followed, which I watched in full, was Angelina Ballerina: Next Steps. I remember when I was younger and used to watch Angelina Ballerina. The show as a cartoon-style show detailing the life of a young mouse aspiring to be a ballerina. Not having watched the show for maybe 15 years, I was surprised about a number of things. First of all, I was surprised the show still existed. They seemed to have remade the name, adding on Next Steps, so they seemed to have extended the story so they could tell new stories and not Just replay old episodes. Another thing that surprised me was that the characters seemed to be more digitized. It wasnt the old sort of scratchy drawings that I remember; it was a more up to date version of he show that I was watching. The cartoons were more clear and accurate than the drawings that they used to be. This particular pair of episodes shown in a half hour segment was more up to date than imagined. It told the story of Angelina and her friend Alice, but with supporting characters. Angelina and Alice go to different schools and although they still like similar things, their interests seem to have slightly changed than when I watched the show as a little girl. The supporting characters that were added into the storyline added some cultural variety to the show. There were different colored mice ND mice that had different accents as well. They also seemed to try to extend their viewers to more boys rather than Just girls. There were multiple boy mouse dancers wearing boyish clothes (rather than a dancing uniform), and there seemed to be more collaboration between boy and girl mice. As mentioned earlier, I was surprised at how much the show had changed. Part of the reason is that the last few episodes of Sesame Street were exactly the same as I remember when I used to watch the show as a child. The only thing that seemed to be updated was the closing credits with Big Bird dancing in the background while the reedits rolled down the opposite side of the screen. When Sesame Street ended, there were a number of commercials that played. First, the sponsors were mentioned saying brought to you by In a womans clear and concise voice. The National Coalition of Resting People was the first sponsor of Sesame Street. They were promoting a good nights sleep and stating facts about how it was good for your health. Another sponsor was Daniel Tigers Neighborhood which was a PBS show. I assumed it to be a new show they had released because they told the viewing times and almost a summary of the show and its characters. The last Sponsor listed was United Health Care asking kids How many Fruit and Vegetables did you eat today? . Next a commercial break came, although there wasnt much of a Seaway between commercial that played along with it. Beaches Resorts, PAN, Earths Best Organic, Corporation for Public Broadcasting all played commercials. These commercials all seemed to promote health and safe choices to the viewers of this station. The end credits of Sesame Street were shown and then another set of commercials were shown. These commercials included Cyberspace (a PBS show), Support PBS foundation usage, and Hard Rock Hotel. The Hard Rock Hotel was then named as a sponsor to the show. Angelina Ballerina: Next Step came next. After the show another set of commercials came including Pokies. Org, HIT Entertainment, Hard Rock Hotel, Wild Karats (PBS Show), The Organism Guys (Message about germs from American Public Television), Side the Science Kid (PBS Show, up next), First 5 California, Boeing, Vinci- technology for early life, Rose Hills Foundation, Arthur Fining Davis Foundation. Even though the show seemed to have advanced and become more up to date, I as surprised that they didnt put any sort of technology references in it. There were no advertisements during any of the programs, only afterwards. I remember that from watching the shows as a child, but I was surprised that they hadnt changed that aspect of their shows. Another thing I noticed about the shows and their commercials was that the sponsor messages seemed to blend with the commercials. It was hard to tell the difference between the two. It seemed to me that Angelina Ballerina: Next Step is trying to create a larger viewers. It seems like they want more than Just young, white girls to be watching the show. They seemed to have included more material in the show for boys to be interested in as well. I think if a girl has a younger brother he might be interested in watching the show with her because of more male involvement in the storyline. I also noticed, as stated above, that there seemed to be more inclusion in the show of other races rather than Just white children. They seem to have included Latino, African American, and Asian mice into the character list of the show. This could increase their viewer ship to more than Just white children. The commercials for Hotels or Beach Resorts seemed to surprise me. I suppose they cant really advertise for a trip to Disney Parks because they arent affiliated with Disney so they had to go in another direction. Both the Hard Rock Hotel and Beach Resorts commercials showed Families and more particularly children, but I was surprised at their choice of commercial. It seemed interesting to me that a child would be watching the show, see the commercial and want to go to the Hard Rock Hotel. It didnt seem like something a child would see and ask their parents to go to. The choice of other commercials did not surprise me however. From past analysis, I found it typical to advertise for other shows on the Network. There were plenty of ads for other PBS shows that could be viewed later on in the day or up next. From watching the channel when I was younger, I was also not surprised for the commercials from American Public Television, or from the Rather Fining Davis Foundation, or from United Health Care, etc. PBS has always supported young adult health and expanding of childrens knowledge. That came as no surprise that their commercials revolved highly around this matter.

Biography of Andrew Jackson, 7th U.S. President

Biography of Andrew Jackson, 7th U.S. President Andrew Jackson (March 15, 1767–June 8, 1845 and known as Old Hickory), was the son of Irish immigrants and a soldier, a lawyer, and a legislator who became the seventh president of the United States. Known as the first citizen-president, Jackson was the first non-elite man to hold the office. Fast Facts: Andrew Jackson Known For: 7th U.S. President (1829–1837)Born: March 15, 1767 near Twelve Mile Creek on the border between North and South CarolinaParents: Irish immigrants Andrew Jackson and his wife Elizabeth Hutchinson  Died: June 8, 1845 in The Hermitage, Nashville, TennesseeSpouse: Rachel DonelsonAdopted Children: Andrew Jackson, Jr., Lyncoya, and Andrew Jackson Hutchings Early Life Andrew Jackson was born on March 15, 1767, in the Waxhaw community on Twelve Mile Creek on the border of North and South Carolina. He was the third child, and the first one born in the Americas, of his Irish immigrant parents, linen weavers Andrew and Elizabeth Hutchinson Jackson. His father died unexpectedly before he was born- some stories say he was crushed by a falling tree- and his mother raised he and his two brothers by herself. The Waxhaw community was made up of Scots-Irish settlers and five of Elizabeths married sisters lived nearby, so Elizabeth and her sons moved in with her sister Janes husband James Crawford, and she helped raise Janes eight children. All three of the Jackson boys took part in the American Revolution. Andrews older brother Hugh died of exposure after the Battle of Stono Ferry in 1779. Robert and Andrew witnessed the Battle of Hanging Rock and were captured by the British, catching smallpox while in Camden jail. Learning of their capture, Elizabeth made the trip to Camden and arranged for their release in exchange for some captured British soldiers. Robert died and while Andrew laid in a delirium, Elizabeth went to visit quarantined Waxhaw community members on board a ship in Charleston harbor. She contracted cholera and died. Andrew returned to Waxhaw but no longer got along with his relatives. He was a bit wild, burned through an inheritance, and then left Waxhaw for Salisbury, North Carolina in 1784. There, he studied law with other attorneys and qualified for the bar in 1787. He was appointed public prosecutor in middle Tennessee in 1788, and on the way there, fought his first duel and bought his first slave, a woman not much older than himself. Marriage and Family Jackson became a leading citizen in Nashville and married Rachel Donelson in 1791, who had previously been married. In 1793, the couple learned that her divorce was not yet final, so they repeated their vows again. The charge of bigamy would come to haunt them while Jackson was campaigning for president, and he blamed his opponents for causing the stress leading to her death in 1828. Together the Jacksons had no children, but they adopted three: Andrew Jackson Jr. (the son of Rachels brother Severn Donelson), Lyncoya (1811–1828), a Creek Indian orphan adopted by Jackson after the Battle of Tallushatchee, and Andrew Jackson Hutchings (1812–1841), the grandson of Rachels sister. The couple also took guardianship of several other related and unrelated children, some of whom only lived with them a short while. Legal and Military Career Andrew Jackson was a lawyer in North Carolina and then Tennessee. In 1796, he served at the convention that created the Tennessee Constitution. He was elected in 1796 as Tennessees first U.S. representative and then as a U.S. senator in 1797, from which he resigned after eight months. From 1798–1804, he was a justice on the Tennessee Supreme Court. During his period as a justice, he managed his credit, bought slaves and a new parcel of land, and built The Hermitage, where he would live for most of his life. During the War of 1812, Jackson served as the major general of the Tennessee Volunteers. He led his troops to victory in March 1814 against the Creek Indians at Horseshoe Bend. In May 1814 he was made major general of the Army, and on January 8, 1815, he defeated the British in New Orleans for which he was lauded as a war hero. Jackson also served in the 1st Seminole War (1817–1819), during which he overthrew the Spanish governor in Florida. After serving in the military and being the military governor of Florida in 1821, Jackson served in the Senate again from 1823–1825. Running for President In 1824, Jackson ran for president against John Quincy Adams. He won the popular vote but the lack of an electoral majority resulted in the election for Adams being decided in the House. The choice of Adams was popularly known as the corrupt bargain, an undercover deal giving the office to Adams in exchange for Henry Clay becoming secretary of state. The backlash from this election split the Democratic-Republican Party in two. The new Democratic party renominated Jackson to run for president in 1825, three years before the next election, with John C. Calhoun as his running mate. Jackson and Calhoun ran against incumbent John Quincy Adams of the new National Republican Party, a campaign that was less about issues and more about the candidates themselves: the election was characterized as the triumph of the common man over the elites. Jackson became the seventh U.S. president with 54 percent of the popular vote and 178 out of 261 electoral votes. The 1832 presidential election was the first to use National Party Conventions. Jackson ran again as the incumbent with Martin Van Buren as his running mate. His opponent was Henry Clay, whose ticket included vice presidential nominee John Sergeant. The main campaign issue was the Bank of the United States, Jacksons use of the spoils system, and his use of the veto. Jackson was called King Andrew I by his opposition, but he still won 55 percent of the popular vote and 219 out of 286 electoral votes. Events and Accomplishments Jackson was an active executive who vetoed more bills than all previous presidents. He believed in rewarding loyalty and appealing to the masses. He relied on an informal group of advisors called the Kitchen Cabinet to set policy instead of his real cabinet. During Jacksons presidency, sectional issues began to arise. Many southern states, upset over tariffs, wished to preserve states rights to overrule the federal government and when Jackson signed a moderate tariff in 1932, South Carolina felt it had the right through nullification (the belief that a state could rule something unconstitutional) to ignore it. Jackson stood strong against South Carolina, ready to use the military if necessary to enforce the tariff. In 1833, a compromise tariff was enacted that helped mollify the sectional differences for a time. In 1832, Jackson vetoed the Second Bank of the United States charter. He believed the government could not constitutionally create such a bank and that it favored the wealthy over the common people. This action led to federal money being put into state banks, which then loaned it out freely, leading to inflation. Jackson stopped the easy credit by requiring all land purchases to be made in gold or silver- a decision that would have consequences in 1837. Jackson supported Georgias expulsion of the Indians from their land to reservations in the west. He used the Indian Removal Act of 1830 to force them to move, even discounting the Supreme Court ruling in Worcester v. Georgia (1832) that said they could not be forced to move. From 1838–1839, troops led over 15,000 Cherokees from Georgia in a devastating march called the Trail of Tears. Jackson survived an assassination attempt in 1835 when the two derringers pointed at him didnt fire. The gunman, Richard Lawrence, was found not guilty of the attempt by reason of insanity. Death and Legacy Andrew Jackson returned to his home, the Hermitage, near Nashville, Tennessee. He stayed active politically until his death there on June 8, 1845. Andrew Jackson is considered by some as one of the United States greatest presidents. He was the first citizen-president representing the common man who believed strongly in preserving the union and in keeping too much power out of the hands of the wealthy. He was also the first president to truly embrace the powers of the presidency. Sources Cheathem, Mark. Andrew Jackson, Southerner. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press (2013).Remini, Robert V. Andrew Jackson and the Course of American Empire, 1767–1821. New York: Harper Row (1979).Andrew Jackson and the Course of American Freedom, 1822–1832. New York: Harper Row (1981).Andrew Jackson and the Course of American Democracy, 1833–1845. New York: Harper Row (1984).Wilentz, Sean. Andrew Jackson: The Seventh President, 1829–1837. New York: Henry Holt (2005).

Can Massage Therapy Help the Brain Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Can Massage Therapy Help the Brain - Essay Example Manual muscle therapies are effective if they are undertaken by following a recommendation from a doctor (Hopson 2003). Spinal cord and brain function can undergo a profound positive change with CranioSacral Therapy. Since 1975, the therapy is successfully used in treating ADD (attention deficit disorder) and ADHD (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. The structural restrictions in membrane layers and bones around the spinal cord and brain inhibit the normal flow of vital nutrients and fluids into and out of brain that assist proper function of the manner. The gentle application of CranioSacral Therapy release the restriction in these organs and enhance the natural function of brain which decreases the levels of ADHD and ADD and alleviate the disorders completely. The manual, light touch CranioSacral therapy offers solutions to the restrictions in craniosacral system. The craniosacral system comprises of fluids and membranes that protect and surround the spinal cord and brain. This is an important physiological system that stretches from the face, mouth, bones of the skull and forms the cranium sacrum and the tailbone area. The CranioSacral therapy is highly effective improving the flow of fluid within the spinal cord, brain and the whole body and relieves any adverse strain and restrictions. The stronger fluid movement enables brain cells to receive the required amount of essential nutrients to function effectively and synchronize with other cells. The proper fluid flow forms a environment in brain where toxic irritants and waste products are flushed out constantly. When the stress cause by the compromised fluid flow is alleviated the regions of the brain that was underactive or overactive will return to normalcy. The outcome of under massage therapy is a central nervous system with greater mobility and balance and a

Are the documentary filmmakers trying to persuade you of a certain Assignment

Are the documentary filmmakers trying to persuade you of a certain point of view - Assignment Example This power to persuade comes from the fact that documentaries deal with raw reality and in doing so, it becomes more convincing and powerful in many ways. It is not the camera as a passive recording device, but the man behind the camera, with his particular likes and dislikes that makes us attracted to a piece of documentary. From the very beginning, there were distinctly two types of filmmaking. The first one tries to portray the film as a tool of magic, in which we see what is possibly not seen in real life. A larger than life, magical representation. This method was pioneered by George Melies (1861-1938). The second one portrayed film as a capturing device that captures time in the form of image and sound. It captures reality as reality itself. This method was pioneered by Lumiere Brothers (Auguste Lumiere-1862-1954 and Jean Lumiere- 1864-1948). Thus Lumiere Brothers can be considered to be the father of documentary filmmaking. In the documentary mode of filmmaking, the man behind the camera captures the elements inside his frame, but at the same time, he is excluding most of the reality and portraying only a small portion of it. This very act of elimination gives the documentary filmmaker his particular power to emote, persuade and sometimes even provoke. By editing the film, the maker constantly persuades the audience to go through a recording of a series of events in a particular time sequence. We must remember that the very invention of film is based on the fact that somebody wanted to document motion in pictures and this gave rise to the motion picture or film. The very first piece of film by Lumiere Brothers is called: â€Å"Workers leaving the Lumiere Factory†. It was screened on 22nd March, 1895. It was a documentary footage of the workers leaving a factory after work. This film presented to the world the idea that reality can be captured and played back by the device of cinematography. The term ‘documentary’ was first used by Joh n Grierson in 1926. He was writing review for Robert Flaherty’s film â€Å"Moana†. He wrote that the film had ‘documentary’ value. Thus from the very beginning ‘documentary’ meant a very specific type of film. The propagandist approach can be seen from very early approaches like Dziga Vertov’s â€Å"Kino Pravda† (literally means cinematic truth) newsreel series. Vertov believed that a certain sequence of shots taken from samples of real life, will create a meaning, not observable by the naked eye. Thus by interpolating shots and inter-titles, he tried to etch meaning out of seemingly normal life. In the Nazi propagandist films during the time period between two World Wars, like Leni Reifenstahl’s â€Å"Triumph of the Will† (1935) we see groundbreaking techniques of aerial photography, camera movement, wide-angle lenses and coupled with that a fantastic use of music to create movement and rhythm. It contained excerpt s from speeches delivered by various Nazi leaders including Hitler, interspersed with footages of the gathering of about 70 million Nazi supporters. The film actually tried to portray a vision which was envisioned by Hitler: Germany as a great power having Hitler as its great leader. Thus over the ages we have noticed a tendency in filmmakers to make films where truth is portrayed in a peculiarly forceful manner. The film â€Å"Who Killed Vincent Chin† directed by Christine Choy and Renee Tajima-Pena begins with the testimony of the stripper Starlene who was

Argue and Persuade Essay Example for Free

Argue and Persuade Essay I can see why some people may think that there is no benefit to be gained by analysing the poem Half-Past Two, as some may find it tedious and would rather enjoy the poem as it is. Yet, I firmly believe analysing a story/poem definitely does assist our understanding of a certain story/poem. In the poem Half-Past Two there is no doubt in my mind that without discussing the poem with others you can not understand or appreciate it fully. As with all poems there are so many concealed or secret meanings with in it, by discussing the poem these can be revealed so everyone knows the whole meaning of the poem. By understanding a poem/story you will also enjoy it more as you wont have to try and figure out the plot of the story. After reading a poem you can then analyse it then read it again with a better understanding, therefore relish its full significance. If you were reading a story or a poem, which you do not understand it would become more of a choir to read, rather than a pleasure. By studying the poem Half-Past Two you can see the good use of puns, personification, repetition and other literary devices and begin to cherish the real effort and skill put in by the writer. You can also learn new ways that you could possibly improve your own standard of writing. You may acquire improved methods of adding literary devices into your work, you can also expand your vocabulary by reading professional poets/writers work. When analysing the poem Half-Past Two you are given a good insight on how a young boys world might work, when not being able to read time. You can understand his feelings when he is left alone, without a clue what to do, but only left to stare at the clock and fall in to a timeless land. You can see that by not knowing time a child my have his own regime which he sticks too, yet when put out of it would find it hard to get back into it as he may have lost track of his own time. My opinion has been obviously displayed in this essay, I think that without fully understanding a poem/story (mainly poems as they usually have the writers own personal feelings embedded into the poem they have wrote) you can not enjoy it to its full potential. Im sure everyone has watched a film they did not understand and therefore did not enjoy it fully. Yet after watching it a second time (a form of analysis) you will understand the plot sufficiently and will prefer it on the second viewing. This is what my argument is based on, without understanding you do not have the full enjoyment from anything, be it a film, a poem or a story.

Romeo And Julit Journal :: essays research papers

Act I Scene i   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Today I wept and wept as I found out my one true love Rosaline does not love me back. The way I loved her. So today my coz tried to make me feel better. He did make me smile a few times but I still felt bad after knowing I am out of love. Act I Scene ii   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  As a new I still feel out of love after being kicked in my chin. I still feel sorrow and miserable. I still can’t believe I went to supper at the Capulet’s after being asked by that servant. I only went to go see Rosaline I knew she was going be there. Act I Scene IV   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I couldn’t believe I let Mercutio talk me into going to that party at the Capulet’s. It was extremely dangerous going there. I have no idea on how Mercutio talked me into going but he has his way with words. Act I Scene V   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I was nervous entering the Capulet’s house at first I thought we would have been caught. When I saw Juliet I knew she was the one I loved her so much she was so beautiful. I just wanted to not let her go. I know that she loves me and my empty spot with Rosaline is gone finished my chin has been healed with Juliet’s love. And my lips have been sealed with her lips. What a beautiful day. Act II Scene i   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I couldn’t wait to see her I couldn’t take it so I went back that night to go see her. When I saw her again I new she was the one to marry. She is so much better then Rosaline in everyway beauty way of talking. Act II Scene ii   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I do not know how I talked to her with those very nice words. I never talked to anyone before like that not even Rosaline. I believe its because the way she just grasps my heart. Like no other person in the world not even like my parents. Act II Scene iii   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I can’t believe the friar said yes to marry Juliet and me. I can’t wait we will be so happy will go around the world together. Are families will stop fighting. We can connect our great accomplishments to something great. I can’t believe the friar told me quick love dies fast. Act II Scene iv   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I felt so happy when the nurse told me when we were getting married.

Research Study Paper

Article two by Grainiest & Colliers (2012) â€Å"Fellowship's experiences of organizational leadership: A systems psychodrama perspective† was chosen for leadership and article three was carefully chosen for this paper. â€Å"Followers' Personality and the Perception of Transformational Leadership: Further Evidence for the Similarity Hypothesis† by the authors Flee, J. , & Synchs, B. (2010) came from the reference list of article one. These articles titles in comparison all are related to followers' in an organization and show how followers' personality, preferences, and experiences affect how hey perceive leadership.The purpose of the study in article one, the authors wanted the findings built upon the â€Å"Global Leadership and Organizational Behavior Effectiveness Research Program (GLOBE study)† by analyzing the personalities Of the participants and the impact on implicit leadership views. Article two's purpose for the study is to describe follower-ship exper iences of organizational leadership from a systems psychodrama perspective and the aim of article three's study is to extend previous research on the relationship between follower's personality and the perception and acceptance of ramifications leadership.The comparison of the studies show how followers' personality, preferences, and experiences affect how they perceive leadership in organizations. The authors rational for the topic in article one is â€Å"the primary focus of the GLOBE study and to analyze how cultural preferences predicted leadership preferences. † (Palmer, et al. , 2013, peg. 56) This study added significantly to the body of literature related to implicit leadership and the study did not report how participants' personalities impacted their views of leadership.In article two, the authors' build a strong ease that has given them motivation for the study and their rationale for the topic is because â€Å"the research was important in its rich comment on org anizational leadership as expressed by fellowship in a contained space and interpreting the views from below the surface† (Grainiest, et al. 201 2, peg. 6) which are not expressed in organizations generally and easily. The authors' also commented on how there is no previous research on the topic.Finally in article three, the author's build a plausible case that provide evidence that followers personality influences the perceptions of ramifications leadership and commitment to the leader. For the author's to do their study, they reversed the order of variables in which the leaders affect their followers' attitudes and behaviors to the followers' reactions to leaders as the independent variables and the leaders as the dependent variable. The comparison of the rational in each article provides the prediction of followers' personality whether through the GLOBE study or as one particular leadership style.Research Questions The research questions in each of the articles provide the researcher the tools needed to test their theories. In article one, Palmer along with the other authors provided the following hypotheses to be tested in their study. 1 . DO followers' personality in neurotics correlate with Charismatic Leadership and Directive Leadership? 2. Does Extroversion correlate how followers perceive with preferences to Directive Leadership, Bureaucratic Leadership, or Self Serving Leadership? 3. Does Agreeableness correlate with followers' personality for Charismatic Leadership, Directive Leadership, and Self Serving Leadership? . Do Openness correlate with Directive Leadership, Bureaucratic, and Self Serving Leadership? These hypotheses of followers' neurotics, extroversion, agreeableness, and openness may be positively correlated to Charismatic and Directive leadership but my impact Bureaucratic and Self Serving leadership negatively. Article two state â€Å"given the aforementioned complexity on the macro, mess, and micro leadership levels (Greenest, e t al. , 201 2, peg. 3); the authors wanted to know whether leadership is an anxiety for followers. Also, followers' experiences and how they perceive race and gender in leadership.The following hypotheses are tested: 1) What is fellowship's systems psychodrama experience of organization leadership? 2) Is leadership an anxiety for followers that is an object split between a â€Å"good parent and a bad parent' theory? 3) How does followers experience of organizational leadership denigrating the present and hoping for a good future like â€Å"good bread with bad butter in between'? 4) Do followers perceive race and gender play a part in leadership? 5) Do followers believe leadership is experiencing an adolescent type of identity crises? ) Why do followers perceive leadership as a bad object containing unsolvable shame and haunting organizations? 7) Do coping with existential anxiety round leadership based on trusting the systemic and unconscious life forces towards equilibrium, linke d with an inner strength to survive? Article three tests the hypotheses for followers â€Å"high in extroversion, agreeableness and openness are assumed to perceive or attributed more transformational leadership and to show more affective commitment to their supervisors† (Flee, et al. , 2010, peg. 98) in relation to followers' perceptions of transformational leadership and the affective commitment to the supervisor and the personalities of leaders. The authors' hypotheses mentioned are: 1) Followers extroversion is positively related to the perception Of transformational leadership and to the affective commitment to the supervisor, whereas the relationship with continuance commitment is negative. 2) Followers' agreeableness is positively related to the perception of transformation leadership and to the affective commitment to the supervisor, whereas the relationship with continuance commitment is negative. ) Followers' openness is positively related to the affective commitmen t to the negative. 4) Followers' neurotics is negatively related to the perception of prevision, whereas the relationship with continuance commitment is positive. 5) Followers' perception of leaders' personality (high extroversion, high agreeableness, high openness and low neurotics) is related to the perception of transformational leadership and to affective commitment to the supervisor. ) Relationship between follower personality and the perception of transformational leadership and commitment to the supervision are mediated by the perception of one's leader's personality. A comparison of the research questions show article one with four hypotheses, article two with seven, and article three with six hypotheses Sample Population The sample population in each of these articles show a comparison that mostly women were used in the studies. The first article shows that it used 132 college educated, full time managers or leaders in an organizations with there being 81 females and 48 mal es within these groups.Out of the 1 32 participant, 75 were Hispanic, 30 Blacks, 12 White and 15 who were of other ethnicities and their age average of 40 years. There are 8 newly identified cases on leaders of large organizations in article two with 64 participants insisting of 52% White, 33% Black, 9% Indian, and 6% other with 58% participants being female and 42% male between the ages of 28 and 61 years. Article three participants in the study are 1 53 clerical volunteers and women being 75% of the workers with the average mean of 36. 5 in their ages.A comparison shows that show women were mostly interviewed. What does not compare, is that article two did not have as many participants as one and three. Article three did not mention ethnicity or race as did articles one and two. Results Examining the results of each study, the authors in their perspective articles how that their hypotheses are mostly positive and correlate to the given research questions. In article one, the curre nt study found the personality trait of followers' on agreeableness as being a predictor high on leadership.New experiences for followers openness is incongruent with Bureaucratic Leadership, but personality traits related to â€Å"Charismatic, Value-Based Team dervish and Directive Leadership, and negatively related to Bureaucratic Leadership and Self-Serving Leadership. † (Farmer, et al. , 201 3, peg. 62) Neurotics was positively correlated with preferences for Charismatic Leadership and Directive Leadership. Extroversion was positively correlated with preferences for Directive Leadership and negatively correlated with tolerance for Bureaucratic and Self-serving Leadership.Agreeableness was positively correlated with preferences for Charismatic Leadership and Directive Leadership and negatively correlated with tolerance for Self-Serving dervish. Openness was positively correlated with preferences for Directive leadership and negatively correlated with tolerance for Bureaucr atic and Self- Serving Leadership. Whereas in article two, leadership is seen from followers' experience is torn between the rational and mechanistic task and leaders avoiding how followers as people are being cared for. Followers perceive leaders as adults who treat them as children.Although article three states â€Å"followers' extroversion and agreeableness were positively related to the perception of overall transformational leadership and to affective commitment to the supervisor, the relationship between followers' extroversion and continuance commitment to the supervisor was negative and agreeableness was not related to continuance commitment. † (Grainiest, et al. , 201 2 peg. 01) Openness, transformational leadership, and commitment are correlated in a direction that is positive, with continuance commitment showing only a significance to leaders.Neurotics is negatively related to followers' perception of affective commitment and transformational leadership. The percep tions of transformational leadership was positively related to perceived leaders' extroversion, openness, and agreeableness and negatively related to perceived leaders' neurotics. â€Å"There is support for the mediation effect Of extroversion and agreeableness, a tentative support for neurotics but no support for openness. (Flee, et al. , 201 0, peg. 93) Therefore, the comparison of the hypotheses is that follower's perceptions of leadership through followers' personality traits see leadership as not caring and followers' are agreeable to prevent conflict and the perception of transformational leadership is the leadership that followers perceive their leaders to be. Conclusion The limitations of article one are the use of the GLOBE questionnaire using two empirical pilot studies. Article two mentioned a limitation that leadership was included in the study therefore, no interpretation about the other's view an be made.Article three's data is cross-sectional and they cannot rule out that transformational leadership influences followers' self-perception and their influence of personality characteristics examined in this study is limited. The comparison of the limitations is that the authors' were not able to provide enough data using data from previous studies. In conclusion, Palmer and the other authors from article one in their findings found that extroversion in leadership is strongly correlated to effective leadership and their study found the personality trait of followers in agreeableness is insistent in regards to leadership.From article 2, leadership is by followers' views is seen as a relationship that Sees followers as immature. The authors also suggested future research should be done to include the leadership experiences of fellowship and to conclude with article three, the findings the authors found suggests that leaders influence strongly the behaviors and attitudes of followers in commitment, performance, and satisfaction. Elevating followers' mo tives and values, the transformational leadership sets leaders' behaviors as a proven effect in organizations.

Tragedy and the Common Man in Hamlet

Katelyn Stoll Professor Hall English 102 11 November 2009 â€Å"Tragedy and the Common Man† in Hamlet Arthur Miller notes that, â€Å"The tragic feeling is evoked in us when we are in the presence of a character who is ready to lay down his life, if need be, to secure one thing—his sense of personal dignity† (1). This characteristic seen in most tragedies is definitely evident in the character of Prince Hamlet in Shakespeare’s play Hamlet. The moment that Hamlet learns from the ghost that Claudius has committed regicide, his goal becomes clear: he has to avenge the death of his father by murdering his uncle. Hamlet could not stand idly by while the assassin of his saintly father had an affair with his mother Gertrude and lied to the people of Denmark. However, Hamlet’s tragic flaw prevents him from taking action quickly. During the course of the play, the prince notes that he has yet to perform any action against his uncle Claudius, and he wonders why this is. The character of Hamlet is prone to reasoning and long soliloquies, not action; this, in my opinion, is his tragic flaw. The apparition of the late Hamlet informs his son that Claudius, the current king of Denmark, poisoned him. Upon hearing the news, Hamlet is enraged and swears to take revenge against his usurping uncle. Almost immediately he is ready to lay down his life to correct what has been done, and he now has a â€Å"†¦willingness to throw all he has into the contest, the battle to secure his rightful place in his world† (3). It is at this moment in the play that Hamlet takes on the role of the familiar tragic hero and acts accordingly. He was displaced from the life that he knew and loved and was not awarded with his rightful position in society. Hamlet should be the king of Denmark if what the ghost told him is true; not only is Hamlet not the king of Denmark, but also his mental health is constantly being called into question. He is losing ranks in society awfully quickly, and part of Arthur Miller’s definition of the tragic hero is that the hero strives to evaluate himself justly. His tragic flaw does not allow him to regain his personal dignity, however, and Hamlet becomes frustrated over time because of this. He either takes too much time thinking everything through, or he reacts impulsively and violently when the situation does not call for it. This is seen when Hamlet accidentally stabs Polonius to death, thinking him to be a spy. His tragic flaw is not knowing when or how to act aggressively, and it really costs him in the end. According to Miller, â€Å"For, if it is true to say that in essence the tragic hero is intent upon claiming his whole due as a personality, and if this struggle must be total and without reservation, then it automatically demonstrates the indestructible will of man to achieve his humanity† (4). He argues that the tragic play has a lot more to offer the spectator than just a sad or unfortunate ending. Shakespeare’s play, Hamlet concludes with the deaths of Gertrude, Laertes, Hamlet and Claudius. The point of this play, however, is not that four people died, but that Hamlet was finally able to avenge the death of his father. Although this was not a perfect victory for Hamlet, he was able to attain his goals, and this demonstrates the will of man (even the common man) to secure his sense of personal dignity. The thrust for freedom is the quality in tragedy which exalts† (3). The conclusion of Hamlet is both a wonderful and depressing one. In one sense, Hamlet is not a tragic hero, because he was able to overcome his tragic flaw and slay Claudius. In another more realistic sense, however, he perfectly fits the description of the tragic hero because he does not live long enough to see the benefits of his actions. Hamlet is never able to evaluate himself justly, and that was his main objective. In the tragic view the need of man to wholly realize himself is the only fixed star, and whatever it is that hedges his nature and lowers it is ripe for attack and examination† (3). Hamlet perfectly adheres to the definition of the tragic hero of Arthur Miller, because of his need to regain his personal dignity, his tragic flaw preventing him for achieving this, and a tragic ending in which his goals are never realized. Works Cited â€Å"Tragedy and the Common Man by Arthur Miller. † Home Page of TheLiteraryLink, Dr. Janice Patten. Web. 02 Dec. 2009. .

Organic Chemist Job Profile

Organic Chemist Job Profile This is an organic chemist job profile. Learn about what organic chemists do, where organic chemists work, what type of person enjoys organic chemistry  and what it takes to become an organic chemist. What Does an Organic Chemist Do? Organic chemists study molecules that contain carbon. They may characterize, synthesize or find applications for organic molecules. They perform calculations and chemical reactions to achieve their goals. Organic chemists typically work with advanced, computer-driven equipment as well as traditional chemistry lab equipment and chemicals. Where Organic Chemists Work Organic chemists put in a lot of time in the lab, but they also spend time reading scientific literature and writing about their work. Some organic chemists work on computers with modeling and simulation software. Organic chemists interact with colleagues and attend meetings. Some organic chemists have teaching and management responsibilities. An organic chemists work environment tends to be clean, well-lighted, safe and comfortable. Expect time at the lab bench and at a desk. Who Wants to Be an Organic Chemist? Organic chemists are detail-oriented problem solvers. If you want to be an organic chemist, you can expect to work in a team and to need to communicate complex chemistry to people in other areas. Its important to have good oral and written communication skills. Organic chemists often lead teams or organize research strategies, so leadership skills and independence are helpful, too. Organic Chemist Job Outlook Presently organic chemists face a strong job outlook. Most organic chemist positions are in industry. Organic chemists are in demand by companies that produce pharmaceuticals, consumer products, and many other goods. There are teaching opportunities for Ph.D. organic chemists at some colleges and universities, but these tend to be highly competitive. A smaller numbers of teaching and research opportunities exist for organic chemists with masters degrees at some two and four-year colleges.

Sampling With or Without Replacement

Sampling With or Without Replacement Statistical sampling can be done in a number of different ways. In addition to the type of sampling method that we use, there is another question relating to what specifically happens to an individual that we have randomly selected.   This question that arises when sampling is, After we select an individual and record the measurement of attribute were studying, what do we do with the individual? There are two options: We can replace the individual back into the pool that we are sampling from.We can choose to not replace the individual.   We can very easily see that these lead to two different situations.    In the first option, replacement leaves open the possibility that the individual is randomly chosen a second time.   For the second option, if we are working without replacement, then it is impossible to pick the same person twice.   We will see that this difference will affect the calculation of probabilities related to these samples. Effect on Probabilities To see how we handle replacement affects the calculation of probabilities, consider the following example question. What is the probability of drawing two aces from a standard deck of cards? This question is ambiguous.   What happens once we draw the first card?   Do we put it back into the deck, or do we leave it out?   We start with calculating the probability with replacement.   There are four aces and 52 cards total, so the probability of drawing one ace is 4/52. If we replace this card and draw again, then the probability is again 4/52. These events are independent, so we multiply the probabilities (4/52) x (4/52) 1/169, or approximately 0.592%. Now we will compare this to the same situation, with the exception that we do not replace the cards.   The probability of drawing an ace on the first draw is still 4/52. For the second card, we assume that an ace has been already drawn.   We must now calculate a conditional probability.   In other words, we need to know what the probability of drawing a second ace, given that the first card is also an ace. There are now three aces remaining out of a total of 51 cards. So the conditional probability of a second ace after drawing an ace is 3/51.   The probability of drawing two aces without replacement is (4/52) x (3/51) 1/221, or about 0.425%. We see directly from the problem above that what we choose to do with replacement has bearing on the values of probabilities.   It can significantly change these values. Population Sizes There are some situations where sampling with or without replacement does not substantially change any probabilities.   Suppose that we are randomly choosing two people from a city with a population of 50,000, of which 30,000 of these people are female. If we sample with replacement, then the probability of choosing a female on the first selection is given by 30000/50000 60%.   The probability of a female on the second selection is still 60%.   The probability of both people being female is 0.6 x 0.6 0.36. If we sample without replacement then the first probability is unaffected.   The second probability is now 29999/49999 0.5999919998..., which is extremely close to 60%.   The probability that both are female is 0.6 x 0.5999919998 0.359995. The probabilities are technically different, however, they are close enough to be nearly indistinguishable.   For this reason, many times even though we sample without replacement, we treat the selection of each individual as if they are independent of the other individuals in the sample. Other Applications There are other instances where we need to consider whether to sample with or without replacement. On example of this is bootstrapping. This statistical technique falls under the heading of a resampling technique. In bootstrapping we start with a statistical sample of a population. We then use computer software to compute bootstrap samples. In other words, the computer resamples with replacement from the initial sample.

Global marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Global marketing - Essay Example In addition as will soon be explained, a given amount of innovation is deemed important in all companies operating within competitive markets. While planning to introduce new product in the market, factors such as culture should be put into consideration. For instance Vimto in the Middle East has taken its roots deeper than the founding place. It has gone to an extent of operating independently. At the time of introducing the product they discovered that in Arab, they like sweeter thing and so the sugar content was raised to be higher than that of UK. Also before introducing a product in the market, check the availability of similar products in the market and their packaging design, sugar levels, available flavours, price and stocks movement rates. The Momentum to Innovation In 1960's, the BCG growth share matrix came into existence as a tool of analysis to be used in assessing organizational performance. Portfolio analysis concentrates upon the growth rate of a market where an organ ization participates and the commanding power of that organization in that particular market, as measured by its share of the total sales volume of the market. Therefore, the Analysis of Boston Portfolio takes the shape of a growth share matrix where market share is plotted against the growth rate of the market where it is invested. ... The dimension of shares is measured based logarithmic scale whereby the cut off level is 1.0. It’s at this point, that the market share of an organization equals that of the leading competitor. Index number bigger than 1.0 shows leadership, while where the index is low, it’s an indication that the company remains behind competitors. Discussion The New Product Development Process This brings out a picture of new product growth process. The aim of these ladders is to evade expensive failures through continuously reviewing the possible prospects for the new product idea or product, and allow company get some options as whether to drop the product or develop tactic on how to cut loss. The biggest yet most expensive blunder is launching a product which already proves unsuccessful (Zilinski 179). Before a product launch, it means all the development costs have been met and spending on production equipment has already been done too. High costs of marketing have also been made in setting up of the promotional expenditure and distribution system. Idea Generation The aim of generating an idea is to put together many ideas as possible from any possible sources. This includes: Internal External Top executives Non-competitive firms Public Production staff Entire members of staff Market or supplier intermediaries Patent applications Competition Freelance inventors Consultants    When an organization or a group planning to introduce a new product in the market seeks to try new ideas on top of what they have there are marketing research techniques that may be applied i.e. morphological analysis synetics Delphi forecasting, brainstorming and scenario writing. The emphasis at this level is dependent on the number of ideas without source, though no idea flatly gets